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Moderate increases in fine particulate matter (PM 2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), ozone, carbon monoxide and traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) are known to trigger exacerbations in adults and children with asthma, and recent studies have linked early- and mid-life exposure to PM 2.5, NO 2, and TRAP to greater asthma prevalence. While air pollution is detrimental to all people regardless of health status, its effects disproportionately impact those with underlying conditions such as asthma. Improvements to currently available sensors, including more reliable Bluetooth connectivity, increased portability, and longer battery life would facilitate their use in a general patient population.Īir pollution is harmful to health and contributes substantially to the global disease burden. Compared to traditional methods of personal exposure assessment, sensors captured personalized air quality information at higher spatiotemporal resolution. Patients were generally interested in using sensors to monitor their personal exposure to PM 2.5 and willing to share personal sensor data with health care providers and researchers.
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Compared to stationary measurements, which were only available as 1-h integrated averages at discrete monitoring sites, sensor measurements permitted characterization of fine-scale fluctuations in PM 2.5 levels over time and space. The range of sensor PM 2.5 measurements was 0.6–97.6 μg/mL (mean 6.8 μg/mL), compared to 0–22.6 μg/mL (mean 9.0 μg/mL) measured by nearby regulatory monitors. PM 2.5 measurements were taken using AirBeam sensors on 34 walks that extended through five Philadelphia neighborhoods. Patients were generally unconcerned about privacy or sharing their GPS location, with only two stating they would not share their GPS location under any circumstances. ResultsĪll interview participants stated that they would use a personal air pollution sensor, though the consensus was that devices should be small (watch- or palm-sized) and light. AirBeam PM 2.5 measurements were compared to concurrent measurements taken by three nearby regulatory monitors.
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Student research assistants used HabitatMap AirBeam devices to take PM 2.5 measurements at 1-s intervals while walking in Philadelphia neighborhoods in May–August 2018. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 adults with asthma to understand their willingness to use a personal pollution sensor and their privacy preferences with regard to sensor data. We aimed to understand whether adults with asthma would be willing to use personal sensors to monitor their exposure to air pollution and to assess the feasibility of using sensors to measure real-time PM 2.5 exposure.
AIRBEAM INTERNET PORTABLE
Low-cost, portable air pollution sensors offer a convenient way to measure personal pollution exposure directly and may improve personalized monitoring compared with traditional methods that rely on stationary monitoring stations. Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) increases the risk of asthma exacerbations, and thus, monitoring personal exposure to PM 2.5 may aid in disease self-management.